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A set is convex if every line segment between any two of its points lies entirely inside the set.
Rotating calipers is a geometric two-pointer technique that sweeps two (or more) parallel support lines around a convex polygon.
The convex hull is the smallest convex polygon that contains all given points, like a rubber band snapped around nails on a board.
Orientation (CCW test) tells whether three points make a left turn, right turn, or are collinear by using the sign of a 2D cross product.