Concepts3

Pigeonhole Principle Applications

The Pigeonhole Principle says if you put more items than boxes, at least one box must contain two or more items; this simple idea powers many algorithmic guarantees.

#pigeonhole principle#dirichlet principle#cycle detection+11

⚙️AlgorithmIntermediate

XOR Hashing (Zobrist Hashing)

XOR (Zobrist) hashing assigns a random 64-bit number to each possible element and hashes a set by XORing the numbers of present elements.

#xor hashing#zobrist hashing#incremental hashing+11

∑MathAdvanced

Pollard's Rho Factorization

Pollard's Rho is a randomized algorithm that finds a non-trivial factor of a composite integer by walking a pseudorandom sequence modulo n and extracting a factor with a gcd.

#pollard's rho#integer factorization#cycle detection+10