Concepts2

Primitive Roots

A primitive root modulo n is a number g that cycles through all units modulo n when you repeatedly multiply by g, so its multiplicative order equals \(\varphi(n)\).

#primitive root#multiplicative order#euler totient+10

∑MathIntermediate

Euler's Theorem

Euler’s Theorem says that if a and n are coprime, then a raised to the power φ(n) is congruent to 1 modulo n.

#euler totient#euler theorem#modular exponentiation+12